The 1966 and other year B-body drum to drum rearend will fit nicely under your ‘56 Dodge/Plymouth. I used a 1966 Charger rearend and all the B-body rearends will be narrower than your ‘56 Dodge/Plymouth OEM rearend. You simply need to weld on new Mopar Perf. spring perches and use the A-body leaf spring hanger & shock mount assembly to correctly position your new B-body rearend.
The ‘56 Ply/Dodge rearend has a ball & trunion flange on each end of the driveshaft; additionally, compare the bolt pattern of the third member to the 1966 and later drum to drum 8 3/4” rearends. It is a moot point identifying your current rearend if it has “tapered” axles as you want to rid yourself of those headaches since you will be “upgrading” to a 1966 and later assembly. With the 1966 and later B-body drum to drum you can retain large drum brakes or convert discs; I have installed four-wheel disc brakes on my ‘56 Plymouth as an upgrade.